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Attoscience

When atoms interact with strong laser fields, high-order harmonics are generated. In the time domain, this radiation consists of ultrashort "attosecond" light pulses with central photon energy in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) energy domain and duration of the order of 100 as.

Attosecond science consists in generating attosecond pulses and in using them to study ultrafast dynamics. The time scale is that of the electron motion in atoms, molecules or more complex systems. Temporal information can be obtained either by pump/probe techniques, where a pump pulse excites the system, a probe pulse analyzes it, and where the delay between pump and probe is varied; or by phase and amplitude measurements over a large spectral range. 

Attosecond physics

Intense XUV attosecond physics